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The work to protect farmed animals continues

Major horse slaughterhouse closes

Photo: Canadian Horse Defence Coalition

A major step forward for farmed animals took place last month with the confirmed closure of the Bouvry Exports slaughterhouse in Alberta, formerly Canada’s largest horse slaughterhouse. The closure follows years of horrific cruelty and suffering, with the company being convicted and fined in 2025.

While this is incredible news, it does not fully eliminate the horrors that horses raised for meat face. Horses continue to be bred, raised, and shipped on long, stressful journeys overseas for slaughter. The VHS and organizations across Canada continue to advocate for an end to this horrific practice.

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Advocating for meaningful changes in on-farm guidelines

At the same time, the VHS has continued to share practical tips to help animal allies speak up during public consultations on Canada’s farmed animal Codes of Practice, which guide how animals are treated on farms and affect millions of animals every day.

Advocacy on these codes is vital to ensure that the codes consider the voices of the animals and the people who care about the welfare of sentient beings over profit. The VHS’s guide on providing feedback for the equine code of practice was accessed by nearly 3,000 individuals!

Making plant-based eating more accessible

The VHS is also helping make plant-based eating more accessible and welcoming. At this year’s UBC VegFest, more than 5,000 people—mostly students and people who did not yet self-identify as vegan—came together to enjoy delicious plant-based foods and learn about compassionate choices.

The VHS’s PlantUniversity program is gearing up for another year of advocacy to decrease the demand for industrial animal agriculture. The program aims to reach more than 1,768,000 people over the next 12 months, and each person touched by these messages has the potential to save hundreds of animal lives each year.

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Canadians eating fewer animal products to save at the till as grocery prices rise

Household spending on food increasing

The Agri-Food Analytics Lab (AFAL) at Dalhousie University says Canadians are spending more money on food.

As grocery prices increase, more Canadians are turning to budget-friendly plant-based foods, according a recent article from CityNews Vancouver.

“The Agri-Food Analytics Lab (AFAL) at Dalhousie University says Canadians are spending more money on food.”

“Sylvain Charlebois, AFAL’s director, says that this has an impact on what Canadians choose to purchase at the supermarket, moving away from higher-priced items such as meat.”

“‘We are starting to see a shift towards different diets like vegetarianism, pescetarianism, and flexitarianism as well. That’s becoming more popular in Canada.'”

A 2023 report from the Vancouver Humane Society found that eating more plants could save an individual in the Lower Mainland 14% on groceries. The VHS’s PlantUniversity program offers resources, like budget-friendly recipes, to help people who are transitioning toward more plant-based eating thrive while enjoying healthy, delicious meals.

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CBC interview: Demand for veterinary assistance soars

The VHS’s McVitie Fund, which provides emergency veterinary assistance to pets in urgent need, has seen a huge increase in demand due to the rising cost of living. Communications Director Chantelle Archambault recently appeared on CBC Radio’s On The Coast to discuss the program as part of their coverage of rising demand for animal services.

What is the McVitie Fund?

The Vancouver Humane Society’s McVitie Fund program provides emergency funding for life-saving vet care for guardians who can’t afford it otherwise. 

When someone loses their job and then their cat escapes and runs into traffic, or if a person living on disability assistance takes in a dog from a late family member and then she suddenly gets a life-threatening infection, they may have nowhere else to turn. 

For many people, this program means their loved pets can get the care they need instead of making the impossible choice to give them up, see them suffer, or have them euthanized. 

Rising costs of living mean more people need help

Requests for veterinary assistance from the VHS’s McVitie Fund have reached unprecented levels.

So far this year, the VHS has received almost 1,200 applications for help from pet guardians. In the same period last year, the program had fewer than 800 applications. This is a 50% increase in demand over 2025.

And last year’s demand was already unprecendented—the program received more than 11 times as many applications in 2025 compared to 2020. 

The VHS team is deeply familiar with how the increasing cost of living over the past several years has impacted pet guardians. Many families are struggling to come up with the funds for frightening medical emergencies with their beloved companions, leading them to reach out for support.

How animal supporters are saving lives

Because veterinary care isn’t subsidized like human medical care in Canada, this program is entirely funded by donations from members of the VHS’s caring community.

Every dollar donated makes a difference to help a loved companion animal come home safe.

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165,000 chickens perish in Abbotsford’s deadliest barn fire in more than 10 years

VIDEO: 165,000 chickens perish in Abbotsford’s deadliest barn fire in more than 10 years – Abbotsford News

Devastating blaze on Gladwin Road on Thursday afternoon (May 21) kills tens of thousands of birds

We are deeply saddened to hear of the devastating loss of 165,000 chickens in a barn fire in Abbotsford on Thursday, reportedly the deadliest barn fire in the community in more than a decade. Our thoughts are with the thousands of sentient beings who suffered and died in this tragedy.

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This heartbreaking incident also highlights the inherent animal welfare and safety risks of the industrial farming system.

The average chicken farm in Canada confines approximately 36,000 birds in a single barn, making emergency evacuation during fires, floods, and other disasters virtually impossible. As a result, chickens are disproportionately affected in mass casualty incidents on farms across the country.

Beyond the dangers posed during emergencies, chickens raised in industrial systems experience routine stress and suffering while living in crowded, barren conditions that prevent them from expressing natural behaviours.

Tragedies like this are a stark reminder of the urgent need to move away from intensive factory farming systems. Each of us can help by reducing our consumption of animal products, choosing more plant-based meals, and advocating for stronger protections for farmed animals and a kinder, safer, and more sustainable food system.

We are grateful to the firefighters and emergency personnel who responded to this devastating incident, and to everyone who continues to speak up for farmed animals.

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Fishes suffer “excruciating pain” for at least 10 minutes after catch

Fish suffer “excruciating pain” for at least 10 minutes after catch, activists call for reforms

Scientists learn that fish suffer around 10 minutes of “intense pain” when killed during the catch process by air asphyxiation.

A new study published in Scientific Reports and featured in an article from Earth.com spotlights the suffering of fishes when they are caught and killed for food.

While land animals killed for food in Canada must be stunned before slaughter, there is no such law around fishes. Wild-caught fishes are commonly killed by asphyxiation (slowly suffocating to death in the open air), which leads to immense fear and suffering.

The research found that “the average trout endures about ten minutes of pain that qualifies as hurtful, disabling, or excruciating. In some conditions, this could stretch beyond 20 minutes.”

Researchers evaluated stunning as an alternative to prolonged asphyxiation for fish. Their findings highlight flaws in both the stunning methods they evaluated.

  • “Electrical stunning, if properly used, could spare 60 to 1,200 minutes of suffering for every dollar spent … But implementation remains inconsistent. In many commercial settings, electrical stunning fails to reliably render fish unconscious.”
  • “Percussive stunning – a physical blow to the head – has shown better consistency in lab settings. But it’s difficult to scale.”

As we recognize that fishes are sentient animals who feel pain, experience fear, and try to avoid suffering, there is one method that can consistently protect their well-being: switching from fish to plant-based alternatives on our plates.

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New Westminster can make plant-based food part of its climate plan

  • New Westminster is asking residents and businesses to comment on its draft Climate Change Adaptation and Resilience Plan by May 31. 
  • The draft plan looks at adaption strategies to build resilience into the city’s infrastructure against major climate impacts. Food should be part of that conversation.  
  • By adding plant-based food strategies into their draft plan, New Westminster can take a practical step toward strengthening food resilience by increasing access and affordability and reducing pressure on high-impact food systems.

TAKE ACTION: If you live or operate a business in New Westminster, please take a few minutes to comment on the City’s Draft Plan, encouraging them to consider plant-based foods as part of their strategy.

View the draft plan
Review key sections for comment
Make a quick comment

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New West can build climate resilience through plant-based food.

When people think about preparing a city for climate change, they often picture cooling centres, shaded streets, stronger buildings, flood planning, and emergency response. But resilience is also about everyday needs, including whether people can access affordable, nutritious food when climate impacts disrupt daily life.

New Westminster can help build climate-ready neighbourhoods by supporting increased access to affordable plant-based meals, shelf-stable plant-based proteins, locally sourced produce, and culturally appropriate food options.

Below are key sections of the draft plan where New West residents and businesses can ask the City to include plant-based food.

Comment on the plan
Read key sections for comment

Only have a few minutes? Here is a quick comment:

If you do not have time to comment on each section, you can adapt the comment below and email mayorandcouncillors@newwestcity.ca:

Please include plant-based food in New Westminster’s climate adaptation and resilience planning.

Plant-based foods can be part of a stronger and more resilient food system. Foods such as legumes, grains, seeds, nuts, fruits, vegetables, and plant-based proteins can be affordable, nutritious, lower-impact, and easier to store than many animal-based products.

Climate impacts can disrupt food access and increase costs, so the City should support affordable, nutritious, lower-impact options through public facilities, City-run programs, community events, emergency planning, food security initiatives, and partnerships with local businesses and community organizations.

Signed, [Your Name]”

Share your feedback before May 31.

Email the mayor now

Plant-based food policy is a practical climate solution.

Animal products use a large share of the world’s farmland and contribute more than half of food-related emissions, while providing a much smaller share of global calories and protein.

C40’s Good Food Cities work found that cities shifting public food procurement saw a 31% drop in high-emission foods, a 44% increase in plant-based foods, and a 16% drop in food-related greenhouse gas emissions from public food purchasing.

And a Vancouver Humane Society cost-benefit analysis found that replacing 20% of the City of Vancouver’s animal-based food purchasing with plant-based alternatives could save up to $99,000 and reduce emissions by more than 500 tonnes.

Plant-Based Cities Movement notes that 82% of Canadians live in cities and that most food is consumed there. That gives municipal governments a real opportunity to reduce food-related emissions through local policy. 

For New Westminster, including plant-based food in their strategies offers a practical way to strengthen climate resilience while also reducing emissions, saving public funds, and helping prevent animal suffering through everyday policy choices.

Take quick action: Share this graphic

Help more New West residents learn about this opportunity.

Share this graphic on your social media before the May 31 deadline and encourage others to comment on the draft plan.

Key sections for comment:

To comment, create an account on New West’s online platform ‘Be Heard’, review the draft plan, and add your feedback directly to the sections you care about. You can leave as many comments as you’d like throughout the draft plan.

To make your submission impactful, and to ensure that it is included, do not copy and paste the text below. Use your own words so your submission reflects your personal concerns and experience.

Comment on the plan
Send a quick comment

Action 2.2.3: Public facilities can lead by example

Public facilities are more than just buildings. They are places where people gather, learn, celebrate, receive services, exercise, and build community.

As New Westminster updates public facility policies, the City could include food service and procurement in that work. This could mean making plant-based options available at City-hosted events, meetings, recreation centres, community programs, seniors’ programs, and other public spaces.

A climate-resilient public facility should not only be energy-efficient. It should also support access to affordable, nutritious, lower-impact plant-based food options in the places residents already use.

Theme 3: Neighbourhood resilience includes food access

When a heat wave, flood, storm, or supply chain disruption occurs, food access becomes a public resilience issue.

That is why plant-based food should be considered in emergency planning, food security work, community kitchens, public programs, and local food partnerships.

New Westminster can help build climate-ready neighbourhoods by working with community partners to improve access to affordable plant-based meals, shelf-stable plant-based proteins, local produce, and culturally appropriate food options.

Theme 6: Everyday City decisions can build food resilience

The draft Climate Plan says climate risk and resilience should be integrated into day-to-day decision-making and City operations.

New Westminster could make plant-based options a normal part of City operations by:

  • Requiring plant-based options at City-hosted events and meetings
  • Adding plant-based considerations to procurement guidelines
  • Providing staff guidance for plant-forward catering
  • Supporting public education about climate-resilient food choices
  • Ensuring City-supported food programs include affordable plant-based options

City decisions about catering, events, grants, facility rentals, community programs, concessions, procurement, and public education all shape what food options are available.

Action 6.1.8: Funding local food resilience solutions

Small grants, pilot projects, public education, and partnerships could help residents access affordable, nutritious, lower-impact plant-based foods while supporting broader climate resilience goals.

For example, the City could support plant-based cooking workshops, community kitchen programs, food security partnerships, local growers, community gardens, food forests, or pilot projects in recreation centres and community centres.

These kinds of initiatives can reduce barriers and help residents see that resilient plant-based food can be familiar, affordable, culturally relevant, and enjoyable.

New West residents: Take action by May 31!

Food is key part of climate resilience. New Westminster has an opportunity to make affordable, climate-resilient, animal-friendly options more available in the places people already gather.

If you live or operate a business in New Westminster, please take a few minutes to ask the City to include plant-based food access in the plan.

Comment on the plan
Make a quick comment

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Have your say: Canada’s Code of Practice for the Care and Handling of Beef Cattle

  • The National Farm Animal Care Council’s (NFACC) Beef Code of Practice outlines guidelines for the on-farm care and handling of cattle raised for beef in Canada.
  • The code is being updated for the first time since 2013 and a public comment period is open until June 12, 2026.
  • While there are a few improvements, the new draft code fails to address some of the most significant welfare issues within the beef cattle industry.
  • Join the VHS in calling for stronger requirements for shelter, daily monitoring, pain control, humane handling, transport decisions, and emergency planning.

TAKE ACTION: Share feedback on the draft code on the issues that are important to you; everyone can participate! 

Top welfare priorities
Tips for submitting
Submit your feedback 

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Top Welfare Priorities

We encourage you to read through the draft Beef Cattle Code of Practice and provide feedback on the issues that matter most to you, if possible.

However, we have prepared the VHS’s top welfare priorities with section headers and tips for submitting your feedback, if you are short on time and would like guidance.

Short on time? Under the heading ‘Which section of the draft Code would you now like to provide feedback on?’, select ‘General Comments on the Code’. This will allow you to bypass providing feedback on each section of the code.

IMPORTANT: Do not copy and paste wording, as duplicate responses and/or profanity or derogatory language will not be considered by NFACC. 

Section 1: Animal Environment

Section 1.2: Facilities for all cattle

Comment on Requirements:

Currently, there is no minimum shelter requirement to protect cattle from heat, cold, wind, rain, or other harsh weather.

  • The Code should set clear minimum shelter space requirements based on herd size, as well as maximum stocking densities (e.g. number of animals/acre) for cattle on pasture, feedlots, and auction markets.

The Code should require enrichment opportunities that allow cattle to express natural behaviours, including foraging, exercise, social behaviour, and grooming.

The Code should also prohibit tethering cattle as a form of housing. Tethering (tying an animal to an anchor point) should only be used temporarily when necessary for handling or procedures, and it should never be used as a regular housing practice.

Section 2: Feed and Water

Section 2.2: Water

Comment on Requirements

Cattle should have reliable access to clean water, including during heat waves and/or periods of high humidity, and water sources should be monitored regularly.

Snow should not be permitted as the sole winter water source. Snow may not reliably meet cattle’s needs, especially if conditions change or cattle are not checked frequently. A backup water system should always be required.

Comment on Recommended Practices

The following should be requirements:

  • Water sources must be easy for cattle to find and access.
  • The number of watering points and flow rate must be appropriate for the herd size.
  • Automated water systems must be checked daily to ensure they are working properly.

Section 3: Animal Health

Section 3.3.1: Disorders of the Respiratory Tract

Comment on Requirements

Recently weaned calves and newly arrived feedlot cattle should be monitored at least twice daily for two weeks to support early detection of respiratory disease.

A risk-based bovine respiratory disease prevention strategy should be a requirement as part of every herd health program, given that it is a significant health and welfare problem in the beef industry.

Section 3.3.2: Lameness

Comment on Recommended Practices

Lameness is a painful leg or hoof condition that is a common welfare issue within the beef industry. The Code should require training on causes, prevention, and treatment of lameness.

It should also require producers minimize cattle exposure to mud and standing water, and to include lameness prevention strategies in herd health programs.

Section 3.4: Safety and Emergencies

Comment on Requirements

The Code should require stronger emergency planning for fires, floods, and extreme weather.

Newly built facilities should have fire suppression and flood mitigation systems. Existing facilities should be retrofitted where possible.

Section 4: Animal Husbandry

Section 4.1: Handling and Moving Cattle

Comment on Requirements

Electric prods are used during handling and provide an electric shock to the animal. These devices cause pain, stress, and can lead to injury.

Given that electric prods can also easily be overused and that humane alternatives exist and are effective, the Code should prohibit electric prod use and require low-stress handling methods.

Section 4.3: Identification

Comment on Requirements

Branding, which is used to permanently identify cattle, should be prohibited.

Branding is painful and unnecessary, especially when alternatives such as microchipping, visual identifiers, descriptive markings, coat patterns, colour variations, and properly fitted leg bands are available.

Section 4.4: Disbudding and Dehorning

Comment on Requirements

The Code should require practices that eliminate painful horn removal (disbudding and dehorning) procedures, such as transitioning to hornless breeds of cattle.

Section 4.5: Castration

Comment on Requirements

Cattle should be castrated as young as practically possible and provided both anesthetics and pain control, in consultation with a veterinarian.

Comment on Recommended Practices

Calves must be monitored after castration to ensure they are nursing or eating and to check for signs of infection or other complications.

Section 4.5.1: Spaying

Comment on Requirements

Spaying should only be carried out by a veterinarian, and both anesthetics and pain control should be required.

Section 4.6: Weaning

Comment on Recommended Practices

Abrupt weaning of calves from their mothers should be prohibited. Low-stress, gradual weaning strategies should be required.

This includes two-stage or fence-line weaning, avoiding weaning during other major stressors such as adverse weather, commingling with animals from other groups, marketing, or transport, and avoiding painful procedures like branding, dehorning, and castration at the time of weaning.

Calves should also be acclimated to human handling and feed delivery methods they will experience after weaning.

Section 4.8: Tail Docking

Comment on Requirements

Tail docking should only be permitted when medically necessary, in consultation with a veterinarian, and with both anesthesia and pain control.

Section 5: Preparations for Transport

Section 5.1: Evaluating and Preparing Cattle for Transport 

Comment on Recommended Practices

Transport is a stressful process that can pose a significant risk to the health and welfare of cattle. Therefore, the Code should require stronger protections during transport decision-making, planning, scheduling, and loading/receiving.

  • Farm personnel should be trained and have ready access to the Canadian Food Inspection Agency’s (CFIA) guidance and veterinarian-developed protocols for assessing an animal’s fitness for transport.
  • Monitoring should increase as the transport date approaches, so health or body condition concerns can be identified early.
  • If there is uncertainty about whether an animal is fit for transport, consulting a veterinarian should be required.
Section 5.2: Planning and Scheduling Transport

Comment on Recommended Practices

Transport should be planned to minimize the time animals spend loaded in parked vehicles and to account for forecasted weather conditions. Transport must not take place during extreme weather.

Section 5.3: Loading and Receiving Cattle

Comment on Recommended Practices

The Code should require loading practices that reduce stress and injury, including adjusting loading densities, absorbent material for the weather conditions and providing ramps when the vertical distance between the loading surface and vehicle floor causes cattle to hesitate, stop moving forward, or refuse to move.

Section 6: On-Farm Euthanasia

Section 6.1: Euthanasia Decisions

Comment on Requirements:

Delayed or inappropriate decisions around humane euthanasia can lead to prolonged animal suffering.

The Code should require training to help personnel assess quality of life, prognosis, and when euthanasia is needed. A required training module should be developed to support timely, humane decision-making.

General Comments

The Code should include a clear duty of care section, similar to other Codes of Practice, which require that all personnel responsible for cattle must be required to know the Code, be properly trained, and be competent and confident in cattle care and handling.

The Code should also require cattle to be checked daily at a minimum. Daily observation is essential to identify illness, injury, lack of access to food or water, extreme weather impacts, calving difficulties, and other welfare concerns.

There should also be stronger requirements for consistent, practical tools for measuring welfare outcomes across the beef cattle industry.

Submit your feedback now!

Tips for submitting

To make your submission impactful, and to ensure that it is reviewed by NFACC, consider these tips before submitting your feedback:  

  • REMINDER: Do not copy and paste the text below, as duplicate submissions will be ignored by NFACC. Use your own words so your submission reflects your personal concerns and experience.
  • Keep responses relevant to on-farm practices.
  • Provide references and examples whenever possible. 
  • Reference exact wording in the draft code that you would like to see changed and how you would like it changed.
  • Make it personal, the committee members are interested in how this code impacts you.
Thank you so much for taking the time to speak up for beef cattle in Canada.
Submit your feedback now!
References

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Stay Informed. Help Animals.

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New research spotlights cow intelligence

Cover image: Jo-Anne McArthur / We Animals Media

Cows Are Smarter Than You Think

Why do we underestimate cattle? Many choose to think of “edible” animals as unintelligent, but in the case of cattle, research proves otherwise.

New research featured in Psychology Today is bringing cow intelligence into the spotlight, increasing awareness around these sensitive and sentient animals.

As animal allies, we know that animals think and feel, whether they share our homes like cats and dogs or are killed for food like cows, pigs, and chickens. However, awareness around farmed animal sentience remains sparse and cognitive dissonance is common.

Research on animal intelligence helps more people to understand that animals are capable of complex thinking, problem-solving, emotions, and even social relationships. As this evidence becomes more widely understood, it challenges outdated views of animals as simple or unfeeling and highlights their capacity to experience stress, pain, and well-being in meaningful ways.

This growing awareness encourages the public and decision-makers to reconsider how animals are treated, supporting a shift toward animal-free eating habits and stronger welfare standards.

Read the article in Psychology Today to learn what a free-living herd of domesticated cattle can teach us about cow intelligence and adaptability.

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Podcast: Animal advocacy and Vancouver Humane Society’s mission (Vegan Boss Radio)

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The Vancouver Humane Society’s Chantelle Archambault sat down with Shawna Barker from the Vegan Boss Radio podcast about Vancouver Humane Society’s mission, work, and some practical ways that animal allies can make a difference.

Note: This written discussion has been edited for length.

Advocacy and justice for animals

A long-haired Highland cow stands in a grassy field, gently nuzzling a small calf beside her.

Shawna: Hi everyone. Welcome to Vegan Boss Radio. I am your host, Shawna Barker, and I’m so glad you’re here today. Today’s episode is a very important one because we’re talking about animal advocacy, public awareness, and how real change actually happens, not just online, but at the policy and community level.

Today I’m joined by Chantelle Archambault, who has worked as the communications director at the Vancouver Humane Society since 2021. She is deeply passionate about justice for all, both humans and animals, and has spent her career working with nonprofit organizations focused on family services, social justice, advocacy, and creating safer spaces for marginalized communities.

Chantelle’s lifelong commitment to the ethical treatment of animals inspired her to volunteer with the Toronto Humane Society and eventually move across Canada to take on her current role at Vancouver Humane Society. She has appeared in media outlets, including the CBC, CTV, CityNews, and the Daily Hive.

In this conversation, we talk about the work that the Vancouver Humane Society does behind the scenes, including its past and current campaigns, how they raise public awareness around practices like rodeos and horse racing, and why these issues are often misunderstood or even normalized, in many cases.

Chantelle, thank you so much for being here today. I’m wondering what drew you to animal advocacy, and then how did that lead you to working with the Vancouver Humane Society?

Chantelle: Thanks so much for having me today. It’s interesting to be on this side of the question because I love asking this to our guests on the Vancouver Humane Society podcast, Informed Animal Ally, as well. I got into animal advocacy the way that I found a lot of people I speak with do as well. I’ve always been drawn to animals since I was a kid, making my dad wait before he drove to work on rainy days so I could pick up every single worm off the driveway so they wouldn’t get squished. I was putting the spiders out through the window in the classrooms so the other kids wouldn’t step on them.

When I was in university, I volunteered doing feline enrichment at the Toronto Humane Society. I worked at an organization that worked with marginalized communities affected by HIV and then at a Children’s and family organization. Those were both organizations that aligned with my values.

I care about justice for humans for all of the same reasons I care about justice for animals. But I always knew that my dream job would be to work in the animal sector doing communications, telling those stories from the animals because their voices are ignored so often.

Shawna: That’s so incredible. It sounds like it was very much meant to be. Maybe for listeners that are not familiar with the Vancouver Humane Society, could you share a little bit about the mission and the types of work that you do?

Chantelle: Yeah, absolutely. So, the Vancouver Humane Society’s mission is to expose and end animal suffering and exploitation, including supporting individuals, organizations, and governments in caring for the wellbeing of animals. So, we work in five main areas to do that.

There are already a lot of great rescues who do work in taking in pets who really need it. So, our goal is to support the guardians of animals who are loved, but just need some help to keep them cared for at home and out of the shelter rescue system. We offer emergency veterinary support for low-income guardians so that they can get their pets cared for and back home safe rather than having to watch their pets suffer or make the really difficult decision to either euthanize them or give them up to get the care they need. We do a lot of advocacy work around animals in captivity, zoos, aquariums, mobile petting zoos, exotic pets, and animals in entertainment. That includes things like rodeos, horse carriages, horse racing, and wildlife.

Recently, we’ve taken more of a support role on this one for other organizations that focus on wild animals like the fur bearers. But we’ve covered things like, wildlife culls, hunting and fishing, regulations for farming, rodent poisons, and then farmed animals. That is a major area because, I’m sure you know, farmed animal welfare is often considered the greatest animal welfare issue on the planet.

We work in plant-based advocacy to make plant-based eating more accessible and reduce the demand for animals to be farmed for food. And we also advocate for better policies and practices that address the worst harms animals face while they’re currently in the farming system.

Rodeos and horse racing

Three jockeys lean forward as their horses gallop closely together during a horse race.

Shawna: I was scrolling one of the Facebook groups for the Hastings Sunrise neighbourhood and I saw a petition to bring back Hastings horse racing track. How do people not see how much cruelty is involved there? What do you wish more people knew about those industries?

Chantelle: Yeah. There are so many misconceptions about those two industries, and what a lot of it comes down to is lack of choice. The main argument from those industries and their supporters is that those animals love their jobs, but animals aren’t like human athletes because they don’t have a choice.

Animals used in rodeo do the behaviours that rodeo announcers pass off as performing are actually natural fear responses. A racehorse isn’t like a human athlete who gets to go home and do what they want. At the end of the day, their whole life and full routine is controlled by their handlers who decide when they train, when they rest, when and if they get time to run free. Animals also don’t choose to get into those situations. They’re bred for those industries, and if they don’t do what they’re expected, they’re punished for it.

For rodeo and horse racing, we actually did an entire podcast episode just on this topic called Eight Arguments in Support of Rodeo and How to Respond, because there are so many, and we’ve run into them all the time.

For horse racing, the most common argument is that if we take away horse racing, those horses will have nowhere to go and they’ll be sent to slaughter. First of all, this shouldn’t be true anyway. Horses are only able to race for a fraction of their lives because it’s quite hard on their bodies. So, any responsible industry should have a retirement plan in place.

The best outcome is one where horses can spend their days as freely as possible, like in a sanctuary or being therapy horses. We advocated for the BC government to support that transition when Hastings racecourse in Vancouver closed down, as you mentioned. And the other side of that coin is that while the industry is arguing that we have to keep horse racing around, because there are so many racehorses who would have nowhere to go, they have still been breeding more animals into this industry.

Shawna: Have there been campaigns to stop the horse carriage rides in Victoria?

Chantelle: We have worked around the horse carriage rides in Victoria a little bit. Right now, we’re working on a horse carriage campaign in Vancouver. We’re trying to get horse carriages off of busy city streets.

Education for long-term change

An overhead view of a wooden table set with colorful plant-based dishes.

Shawna: Beyond the individual campaigns that VHS works on, are there examples of maybe systems-level work, maybe through getting policies changed, education or outreach to address long-term changes that will benefit animals?

Chantelle: Yeah, absolutely. Education is a really important part of the work we do because the only way we can make change for animals is if people know what the issues are and care enough to help make those changes.

One project I am really excited to share is our plant university program. We originally launched Plant University in 2022 as a home for our ongoing work making plant-based eating more accessible to individuals through personal education, like sharing recipes and also working with institutions.

To improve access to plant-based foods for instance, in the past we’ve worked with school cafeterias to help organize meatless Mondays, and that work has carried on over the past few years. We’ve developed a recipe library and shared reasons and tips to eat more plant-based foods with people all over Canada.

And we’ve also been working with businesses and institutions like long-term care homes more locally to help them transition part of their menus. We’ve also supported change at the government level. A couple years ago, we created a report for the City of Vancouver on how transitioning a percentage of the food they purchased to plant-based could save them money and help meet their environmental goals.

This last year, we transitioned the program to specifically target post-secondary students in the Lower Mainland. A lot of students are making food purchasing decisions on their own for the first time in their lives, and when we share all the benefits of choosing plant-based options along with tips for eating more plant-based foods like recipes and an on-campus food guide, there’s a much better chance we’ll see that translate into new habits these young folks will carry with them through the rest of their lives. So, we’ve been doing things like in-class presentations, outreach events, signage, and posters on campus.

Emotional toll of animal advocacy

A person wearing a cap and denim jacket gently embraces a dog.

Shawna: I know advocacy work can be really kind of emotionally heavy. I mean, you’re seeing and talking about like animals being mistreated all the time. Maybe for yourself or for your team, is there a way that you navigate feeling emotionally burnt out by doing this kind of work and how to stay motivated?

Chantelle: Yeah, it is really tough sometimes. We find different ways to share what’s happening through writing, but that means we need to watch the footage of what animals are going through behind the scenes at rodeos or in slaughterhouses. That does really get to you because you know that you can walk away from seeing this at the end of the day, but for so many animals, this is their whole lives.

I really try to ground myself by recognizing that I’m doing everything I can do to help. I’m doing advocacy, so fewer animals have to go through this. I am vegan, so I’m not directly contributing to animals going through what they go through in the farming system. And then I spend lots of time connecting with the world around me in different ways when I’m not working, talking to my loved ones, talking to my cat, taking my cat out into the backyard so she can live the best life that she can.

I know if I’m not able to take care of myself and reset, I’m not going to be as effective in actually doing this advocacy. So, taking time for ourselves is part of being a good animal advocate.

The role of public awareness

Close-up of a horse’s face, showing its eyes.

Shawna: You mentioned kind of the role that public awareness plays. Do you feel that the public awareness does play a huge role in actually like changing the laws in these practices?

Chantelle: Yeah, absolutely. Public awareness is huge. We live in a world where companies, for the most part, are going to do what’s most profitable. Governments, for the most part, are going to do what gets them re-elected.

So, when we raise public awareness, people change their behaviours and they speak up and it tells those leaders of companies and governments that compassion is the popular choice, that’s going to be more profitable or it’s going to get more people on their side before the next election. When we do see government representatives connect with an issue on a personal level, it’s often because they’ve heard from individuals in their community, not necessarily from someone who’s representing an organization.

Shawna: For increasing public awareness, what are the best strategies? Would you say on social media you have a good reach or is it door-to-door campaigns with petitions? I’m just wondering what is an effective way to get the word out?

Chantelle: I think there are so many different ways. If someone is individually doing this, I would say play to your strengths.

If you have an audience online, definitely online is a great way to reach people. If you’re out in your community and you’re connecting people one-on-one in groups, that’s a great way to reach people. If you’re at an event and you can bring like a plant-based dish, use that as an opener to talk about animal suffering in the farmed animal system. Like anything that you can do to get people talking and thinking, I think is a great way to educate people about the things animals go through. There are opportunities all the time, all around us.

Shawna: And then for Vancouver Humane Society specifically, are you reaching people in specific neighbourhoods directly or do you feel like a lot of the reach comes from posting videos and articles on social media?

Chantelle: The biggest two routes that we take are through our email list and organic social media posts.

There are people who are really deeply engaged and we have about 16,000 people on our email list. We send out things that they can share on social media, ways that they can take direct action, ways that they can speak up to their elected officials.

Shawna: Someone who maybe isn’t on your email list and deeply cares about animals but feels overwhelmed and is not sure where to start—what would you suggest as a way to support this work?

Chantelle: Yeah, I would say the most basic first step is to find an organization that really aligns with your values and subscribe to their email list.

We have so many quick actions, like emails to decision makers, petitions to sign, campaigns to share around. There are ways to get involved to varying degrees based on how much time you have to spend on advocacy work, from a ten second click to a more in-depth collaborative piece.

In a more general sense, I would advise people to get to know your government representatives at the local, provincial, and federal levels. Your city council members, your members of Legislative Assembly, your members of parliament.

Once you make a connection with them, you’re in a much better position to let them know that you care about animals or what you care about in general when a policy decision comes up that they’re involved with. You don’t need to be an expert, it can really just be about going to them and saying, hey, I care about animals, we are a community that loves animals. I really hope you’ll vote for better animal welfare when the opportunity comes up.

Shawna: And if someone wants to engage with anything that VHS is working on and but they don’t live in Vancouver or even British Columbia, are there ways to get involved or do you suggest they find other local humane societies?

Chantelle: I definitely suggest you always find local organizations that you can make a difference locally on issues that are near you, and likely near and dear to your heart. But you absolutely don’t need to live in Vancouver to get involved with our campaigns. We cover a whole range of campaigns from local issues to issues of national importance. Most of our quick actions can be taken by anyone in Canada and sometimes beyond.

I’d recommend you go to our website, vancouverhumane.ca and sign up for our email list to get all the updates. You can also follow us at Vancouver Humane Society on Facebook, LinkedIn, Instagram, or Blue Sky. Any of those ways is going to be a great first route to get involved.

Shawna: Okay. Amazing. Well, Chantelle, I want to thank you so much for sharing everything that Vancouver Humane Society is working on, and ways for people to get involved. I know you really are emphasizing people getting involved with their local officials and I think that is such an important way to help shed light and address some of the injustices going on towards animals in your community. Did you have any final thoughts or anything you wanted to share with our listeners?

Chantelle: I just wanted to thank you so much for having me on today and giving me the opportunity to share about this. I think this is a great podcast and it was a really great conversation and I am glad that we had the chance to talk today.

Categories
News/Blog

Have your say: Canada’s Code of Practice for the Care and Handling of Equines

Update

The public feedback period for the Equine Code of Practice is now closed. Thank you to everyone who spoke up for animals. Please go to this page for current campaigns.

  • In 2024, we asked for your help in completing a national survey that gathered top equine welfare concerns. Your voice was heard, and responses from this survey were used to create a draft Equine Code of Practice.  
  • The public comment period for the National Farm Animal Care Council’s (NFACC) Equine Code of Practice is now open until March 12, 2026  
  • The Equine Code of Practice provides a guideline for the on-farm care and handling of horses and donkeys raised in Canada.  
  • While this draft provides many much-needed updates to the Equine Code of Practice, there are still changes to be made to improve equine welfare. 
  • Note that the code does not include transport, such as the live export of horses for slaughter; it only includes on-farm practices and deciding if individual horses are fit for transport. 

TAKE ACTION: Join us in providing feedback on the draft code on the issues that are important to you; everyone can participate! 

Top welfare priorities
Tips for submitting
Submit your feedback 

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Top Welfare Priorities

We encourage you to read through the draft Equine Code of Practice and provide feedback on the issues that matter most to you if possible.

However, we have prepared the VHS’s top welfare priorities with section headers and tips for submitting your feedback if you are short on time and would like guidance. REMINDER: do not copy and paste the text below, as duplicate submissions will be ignored by NFACC.

Section 2: Facilities and Housing

Section 2.3.1 – Indoor space allowance

Comment on Requirements:

Tie-stalls should be banned, which keep animals tethered in one place and prevent them from moving freely, socializing, or behaving naturally, often leading to physical and mental health problems. (Popescu et al., 2019; Yngvesson et al., 2019).

Section 6: Loose Horse Management

Section 6.5.1 – Stocking density

Comment on Requirements

Currently, there are no requirements about how much space horses need or shelter access in feedlots or other similar environments. Clear minimum standards should be set, based on research, to give horses enough room, reduce stress, fighting, and injuries, and protect them from harsh weather.

Section 7: Husbandry

Section 7.1 – Turnout, social opportunities, and enrichment 

Comment on Requirements

Currently, there are no minimum requirements for turnout (giving equines free access to pasture or paddock), social opportunities, and enrichment in the draft code.

Turnout and enrichment allow horses to express natural behaviours and provide mental stimulation, including grazing, freedom of movement and social interaction.

Minimum requirements should include: 

Turnout: Horses should be allowed outside for at least 12 hours each day (Bell et al., 2001). They need enough space to move freely at their own pace and to get away from other horses if there is aggression.

Enrichment: Horses should have regular contact with other compatible horses, a variety of toys and feeding options, and opportunities to do natural things like rolling in pasture or using scent and scratching stations.

Section 7.2 – General behaviour and handling of horses

Comment on Recommended Best Practices

Horses are easily frightened and may react by bolting or becoming aggressive. To keep both people and horses safe, it should be a requirement to avoid loud noises, sudden movements, or other actions that could scare them.

Section 7.3 – Methods of identification

Comment on Requirements

Hot and freeze branding are painful and stressful for horses and can have lasting effects on their behaviour. Since there are safer ways to identify horses, like microchipping, branding should no longer be allowed. Instead, clear visual identification methods, such as coat markings, hair patterns, colour differences, scars, or properly fitted leg bands, should be used.

Section 8: Exercise & Training

Section 8.2 – Guidelines for training horses

Comment on Recommended Best Practices

It should be required to use the First Training Principles when training and handling horses (refer to Appendix L – Handling Horses and How Horses Learn).

Equestrians often use training methods that compromise equine welfare to achieve competition-related goals. Training horses should never harm their well-being and should match what they are physically and mentally able to do.

Using proven, humane training methods helps keep both horses and trainers safe and reduces problem behaviours.

Section 9: Reproductive Management

Section 9.5.4 – Weaning

Comment on Recommended Best Practices

It should be a requirement that foals are not weaned before 6 months of age, and when possible, weaning should wait until after 9 months. Gradual weaning helps reduce stress and supports healthy growth and development in young horses (Henry et al., 2020).

Section 10: Transport

Section 10.1 – Fitness for transport

Comment on Requirements

People who assess an animal’s suitability for transport should receive proper training, and their assessments should be recorded and documented so there are clear, reliable records.

Section 10.4 – Loading and unloading

Comment on Recommended Best Practices

Recommendations (a.), (b.), (c.), (d.), (e.) should be requirements given the high stress of loading and unloading for equines.

Section 10.4.2 – Post-transport management

Comment on Recommended Best Practices:

Horses may hide signs of pain when people are watching (Torcivia & McDonnell, 2020), so recently transported horses should be closely monitored for dehydration, injuries, colic, fever, or breathing problems, especially after long trips or when horses from different places have been mixed.

Comment on Recommended Best Practices:

There should be a recommended practice of video monitoring recently transported horses.

Section 11: Change or End of Career

Section 11.1 – Change or end of career

Comment on Requirements:

Every equine industry should have a transition plan for what happens to horses at the end of their working careers, and having this plan should be required for operation.

Section 12: Euthanasia

Section 12.2 – Methods of euthanasia

Comment on Requirements:

Euthanasia must be carried out in a way that causes no pain or fear, and horses must be made unconscious immediately.

Submit your feedback now!

Tips for submitting

To make your submission impactful, and to ensure that it is reviewed by NFACC, consider these tips before submitting your feedback:  

  • IMPORTANT: Do not copy and paste wording, as duplicate responses and/or profanity or derogatory language will not be considered by NFACC. 
  • Keep responses relevant to the draft code. Issues involving transportation, such as live horse export, will not be considered by NFACC.  
  • Provide references and examples whenever possible. 
  • Reference exact wording in the draft code that you would like to see changed and how you would like it changed  
  • Make it personal, the committee members are interested in how this code impacts you  
  • Consider looking through the submission form for formatting style before you begin drafting your feedback 
Thank you so much for taking the time to speak up for equids in Canada.
Submit your feedback now!
References

Bell R.A., Nielsen B.D., Waite K., Rosenstein D. & Orth M. (2001) Daily access to pasture turnout prevents loss of mineral in the third metacarpus of Arabian weanlings. Journal of Animal Science 79:142-1150.  

Henry, S., Sigurjónsdóttir, H., Klapper, A., Joubert, J., Montier, G., & Hausberger, M. (2020). Domestic foal weaning: Need for re-thinking breeding practices? Animals 10(2): 361. doi:https://doi.org/10.3390/ani10020361  

Popescu, S., Lazar, E. A., Borda, C., Niculae, M., Sandru, C. D., & Spinu, M. (2019). Welfare quality of breeding horses under different housing conditions. Animals 9(3): 81. doi:https://doi.org/10.3390/ani9030081  

Torcivia, C., & McDonnell, S. (2020). In-Person Caretaker Visits Disrupt Ongoing Discomfort Behavior in Hospitalized Equine Orthopedic Surgical Patients. Animals 10(2): 210. https://doi.org/10.3390/ani10020210  

Yngvesson, J., Rey Torres, J. C., Lindholm, J., Pättiniemi, A., Andersson, P., & Sassner, H. (2019). Health and body conditions of riding school horses housed in groups or kept in conventional tie-Stall/Box housing. Animals 9(3): 73. doi:https://doi.org/10.3390/ani9030073 

Stay Informed. Help Animals.

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